Doppelschalige Rümpfe im Holzschiffbau

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Odo

Gast
In einem Artikel über das Kalfatern erwähnt der Autor nebenbei so etwas wie ein Doppelhüllenschiff: "In den ab der späteren römischen Republik aufkommenden doppelschaligen Rümpfen bis zu 40m langer Frachtschiffe dienten Zwischenlagen aus imprägnierten Textilien als Sperrmediem."

Wie hat man sich solche Doppelschalen konstruktiv vorzustellen? Stand der zusätzliche Bauaufwand noch im Verhältnis zum Nutzen, der da überhaupt wäre?
 
Vielleicht hilft dir folgendes (Hervorhebungen von mir):

"The shell-first method of construction, using edge-joined planks held together with mortise and tenon joints and reinforced by internal bracing timbers or frames is attested already in the Uluburun wreck of the fourteenth century BC and persisted into the Byzantine period. By the mid-first century BC some large ships, like the Madrague de Giens wreck, had double-skinned hulls, adding strength." (S. 41, s. Fig. 2.9)
(PDF) Developments in Mediterranean shipping and maritime trade from 200 BC to AD 1000

"The vessel was built by a method of construction known as shell-first or plating, meaning that the frame was built first with the later addition of a skeleton. It was, however, not built entirely shell-first, but involved some elements of skeleton or frame-first construction. The keel, extended by a long fore foot ending with a concave stempost tilted towards the back, was laid first, then edge jointed by mortise (10 to 12 cm deep and 8 cm wide) and tenon (20 to 22 cm long, 8 cm wide, and 1.5 cm thick), construction to three strakes. This first section of the ship, the keel and the first three planks, was made from elm. Floor timbers were then bolted directly to the keel, giving greater rigidity to the internal skeleton. Next, the rest of the framing was added, joined with straight nails and treenails. These few early frames acted as guides and supports during construction. Then, the rest of the planking was added, the lower skeleton first, followed by the upper shell (independent of the frames, with treenails inserted from inside the hull). Futtocks were inserted last and a second skin of thinner planks of fir was fitted to the exterior of the ship and covered in lead. A layer of planks, 6 cm thick, was also fitted inside in order to cover the internal frames, strengthening the hull through double planking and elaborate, complex keel scarves. A massive cutwater, over a length of 1.45m, placed against the front-butt protected and strengthened the stern of the axial frame."
Madrague de Giens (shipwreck) - Wikipedia

Bin mir nicht sicher, glaube aber zu erinnern, einst in Casson, Lionel (1995): Ships an Seamanship in the Ancient World gelesen zu haben, dass unter Bleiblechverkleidungen geteerte Gewebe aufgebracht waren, was eine Kalfaterung in Teilen oder gänzlich ersetzen konnte.
 
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