Ich beschränke mich mal auf die Eingangsfrage, wie sah die Wanderung der Oguzen/Oghuzen aus? Vor allem ihr Anfang?
Dazu zitiere ich mal aus dem Artikel
Ghuzz aus der Encyclopaedia of Islam:
"At the beginning of the 7th century A.D. there was formed, among the eastern Turkish T'ie-lo tribes, a confederation of Nine Clans = Tokuz Oguz (a form known to the Arabic authors), who revolted against the empire of the western Turks and helped to form the empire of the most important tribe among them, whose name is the earliest attested, namely the Uyghurs. During the period of the extension of this empire (3rd/9th century) some groups of these peoples spread towards the west, losing their links with the structure of the Nine Clans and acquiring, in new countries and in their contacts with new peoples, distinctive characteristics: these are the people called by the western writers of that time, with no more reference to the “Nine”, Oghuz. The different deductions often drawn from the later legend of Oghuz-Khan (see below), or from rash linguistic assimilations, are to be
rejected.
..."
und im Artikel
Türk steht u.a.:
"The new Kaghan soon unified the majority of the Türk tribes of Mongolia. Carrying on warfare by turns against the Chinese, the Tokuz Oghuz (a group of nine clans grouped together and arising out of the old Kao-kiu), the Kirkiz (the later Kirkizi) of the upper Yenisei and various Mongol-speaking tribes, conducted raids almost every year into China from 683. ... When Bilgä Kaghan died from poison in 734, his son and successor Tängri Kaghan reigned for hardly seven years before he, too, was murdered. All the tribes subject to the Türks rebelled, and it was finally the Uyghur who reigned in Mongolia 744-840. These Uyghur, themselves divided into ten clans (On Uyghur), were the royal tribe of the Tokuz Oghuz or Nine Oghuz and not a separate people,
as has long been believed. ... To this linguistic grouping there belonged—as well as those elements of the Tokuz Oghuz who left with the Uyghur, after the Kirkiz invasion, towards the Ti’en Shan and the Tarim basin (or, in lesser numbers, towards Kansu [q.v.]) —other Oghuz who set out westwards across the Inner Asian steppes, became Islamicised and became the nucleus of the Saldjukand then Ottoman empires. "
Allgemein sollte dieses beachtet werden:
"In Anbetracht der fehlenden Quellen ist es schwierig das Bewusstsein dieser Bande zwischen den Stammesangehörigen der verschiedenen türkischen politischen Einheiten zu festzustellen. Diese nahmen oft neue Elemente herein, türkische und nicht-türkische. Fremde Quellen, wie z.B. die islamischen Geschichtsschreiber und Geographen des Mittelalters, warfen sie alle zusammen und bezeichneten sie als
„Türken“ (al-Atrak), was einen gemeinsamen Ursprung implizierte und dem Paradigma der arabischen Stämme folgte, das diesen Gelehrten bekannt war.
Gegenwärtige ethnogenetische Studien haben gezeigt, dass diese Gemeinschaften aber immer polyethnisch und politisch im Charakter waren. Ihre Mitglieder bestanden aus solchen, die tatsächlich in sie hineingeboren waren und aus solchen, die sich der Gemeinschaft angeschlossen hatten. ..."
S. 77 aus:
http://www.univie.ac.at/Voelkerkund...les/zentralas_0607/GesamtversionNewZas1_7.pdf
"Laut GOLDEN (1992:115ff) ist die Ethnogenese der frühen Türken sehr unklar. Vielfach gilt der Altai als ihre ursprüngliche Heimat. Es gibt aber auch die These, daß die Turkvölker ursprünglich weiter im Nordosten beheimatet waren und in Zusammenhang mit der Wanderung der Hunnen weiter nach Westen gezogen sind. Die unmittelbaren Vorfahren der frühen Türken müssen laut GOLDEN auch nicht notwendigerweise Steppennomaden gewesen sein. Ihre nomadisierende Lebensform könnte vielmehr ein relativ rezentes Phänomen sein."
gleiches PDF, S. 59.
Aus: Bregel, Yuri: An historical atlas of Central Asia.
(Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section eight. Central Asia ; vol. 9) 2003.:
"During the second and third decades of the 7th century the eastern qaghans took advantage of the civil war in China and the fall of the Sui dynasty (618) by constantly raiding Chinese territory. But the Tiele (Oghuz) tribes rebelled, and in 630 the last eastern ruler, El Qaghan, was taken prisoner by the Chinese and died in captivity. Thus the Eastern Qaghanate came to an end. Some Turkic tribal groups which had been included in the Eastern Qaghanate were now resettled to the northwestern borders of China (now under a new dynasty, Tang; see map 8) and began to serve as confederates in the Tang army. ...
Ton Yabghu-Qaghan conquered the whole of Tokharistan, which he entrusted to his son, and then, acting as an ally of the Byzantine Empire in the war with the Sasanids, he participated in the campaign of the emperor Heraclius in the Caucasus (627-628), where the Türk army captured Derbend and Tbilisi. His despotic rule, however, alienated the Türk tribes, and he was killed in 630; a long internecine war followed, in which the tribes of the Dulu and Nushibi fought each other, each group proclaiming its own candidates as qaghans. As a result of this war the Qaghanate lost all its possessions west of the Sïr-Darya by 634, and after 638 it split into two kingdoms with the border between them along the river Ili. From 640 to 657 the intertribal and interdynastic wars continued and were exacerbated by the general uprising of the Oghuz (Tiele) in the north, until the army of the Tang invaded Semirech’e, defeated the troops of the western tribes, and captured the last qaghan, who died two years later in captivity.
Thus, the First Türk Qaghanate actually ceased to exist, both in the east and in the west, in 630, though the agony of the Western Qaghanate lasted until 657. The First Türk Qaghanate played an extremely important role in the political and ethnic history of Central Asia. Its conquests were accompanied by the migrations of Turkic tribes, which spread over vast territories of Eurasia. Due to the Qaghanate’s westward expansion, Turkic tribes completely replaced the Iranian nomads in the northern steppes.
There was, however, a simultaneous peaceful expansion of an Iranian ethnic element in the opposite direction that had already begun under the Hephthalites.
... Soon after the Qarakhanid Turks, another Turkic group, the Oghuz, established themselves on the northern borders of the Samanid state. The origin of these Oghuz is not quite clear; it is possible that they had been a part of the larger Oghuz grouping (the Toquz-Oghuz, in Chinese sources the Tiele) included among the subject tribes in the first and second Türk Qaghanates. They migrated west after the destruction of the Uyghur Qaghanate,
in the last quarter of the 8th century. "
Ich breche hier mal ab, morgen vielleicht mehr. :winke: