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Soviel zu "griechischen" Göttern...
"Carthage began to ally with the Amazigh tribes after the Battle of Himer, in which the Carthaginians were defeated by the Greeks. In addition to political changes, the Carthaginians imported some of the Amazigh deities.
Baal was the primary god worshipped in Carthage. Depictions of this deity are found in several sites across northwest Africa. The goddess Astarte was replaced by a native goddess,
Tanit, which is thought to be of Amazigh origin. The name itself,
Tanit, has a Amazigh linguistic structure. Feminine names begin and end with "t" in the Amazigh languages. Some scholars believe that the Egyptian goddess Neith was related to the Libyan goddess Tanit (Ta-neith). There are also Massyle and Phoenician names that apparently contain roots from the god
Baal, such as
Adherbal and Hannibal.
The ancient Greeks established colonies in Cyrenaica. The Greeks influenced the eastern Libya pantheon, but they were also influenced by Libyan culture and beliefs. Generally, the Libyan-Greek relationships can be divided into two different periods. In the first period, the Greeks had peaceful relationships with the Libyans. Later, there were wars between them. These social relationships were mirrored in their beliefs.
The first notable appearance of Libyan influence on the Cyrenaican-Greek beliefs is the name
Cyrenaica itself. This name was originally the name of a legendary (mythic) Amazigh woman warrior who was known as
Cyre. Cyre was, according to the legend, a courageous lion-hunting woman. She gave her name to the cityCyrenaica. The emigrating Greeks made her their protector besides their Greek god Apollo.
[22]
The Greeks of Cyrenaica seemed also to have adopted some Amazigh customs and intermarried with the Amazigh women. Herodotus (Book IV 120) reported that the Libyans taught the Greeks how to yoke four horses to a chariot (the Romans used these Libyan chariots later, after they were taught to do so by the Greeks). The Cyrenaican Greeks built temples for the Libyan god Ammon instead of their original god Zeus. They later identified their supreme god Zeus with the Libyan Ammon.
[23] Some of them continued worshipping Ammon himself. Ammon's cult was so widespread among the Greeks that even Alexander the Great decided to be declared as the son of Zeus in the Siwan temple by the Libyan priests of Ammon.
[24]
The ancient historians mentioned that some Greek deities were of Libyan origin. The daughter of Zeus Athena was considered by some ancient historians, like Herodotus, to have been of Libyan origin. Those ancient historians stated that she was originally honored by the Libya around Lake Tritonis where she had been born from the god Poseidon and Lake Tritonis, according to the Libyan legends. Herodotus wrote that the Aegis and the clothes of Athena are typical for Libyan woman.
Herodotus also stated that Poseidon (an important Greek sea god) was adopted from the Libyans by the Greeks. He emphasized that no other people worshipped Poseidon from early times apart from the Libyans who spread his cult:
[..]these I think received their naming from the Pelasgians, except Poseidon; but about this god the Hellenes learnt from the Libyans, for no people except the Libyans have had the name of Poseidon from the first and have paid honour to this god always.
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Some other Greek deities were related to Libya. The goddess Lamia was believed to have originated in Libya, like Medusa and the Gorgons. The Greeks seem also to have met the god Triton in Libya. The modern day Amazigh may have believed that the Hesperides were situated in modern Morocco. The Hesperides were believed to be the daughters of Atlas a god who is associated with the Atlas mountains by Herodotus. The Atlas mountain was worshipped by the Amazigh and the Canary Islands represented the daughters of Atlas.
The Greeks and the Libyans began to break their harmony in the period of Battus II of Careyus. Battus II began secretly to invite other Greek groups to Libya, Tunisia and East Algeria. The Libyans and Massyle considered that as a danger that had to be stopped. The Amazigh began to fight against the Greeks, sometimes in alliance with the Egyptians and other times with the Carthaginians. Nevertheless, the Greeks were the victors.
According to Pliny the Elder, the Libyans honored the war goddess Ifri or
Africa, who was considered to be the protector of her worshipers (and seemed to have been an influential goddess in North Africa) and depicted her on the Berber coins. This goddess was represented in diverse ways on Numidian coins from the first century BC. When the Romans conquered Northwest Africa, she appeared in sculpture and on the coins of the Roman states in North Africa.
The Roman pantheon seems to have been adopted generally, although the cult of Saturn, as mentioned above, was perhaps the most important.
A new god appears in later texts, identified with tribes such as the Austuriani outside the Roman frontiers of Libya. Gurzil was a war god who identified with the son of Ammon. He was taken by the Berbers to their battles against the Byzantines. Corippus mentioned that the chiefs of the Laguata took their god
Gurzil into battle against the Byzantines and Arabs. It is very likely that the sanctuary of Gurzil was located in Ghirza, in Libya, where remarkable reliefs show a noble Libyan receiving tribute while seated on a curule chair.
[26]"
Quelle/wiki/Amazigh-religion
Der Minotaurus und Gurzil sind indentisch, in der Abbildung als Ergänzung zum Wiki-Artikel.
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